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通过对黄土旱塬地区长期(26a)定位施肥条件下的不同施肥处理的土壤磷素及其吸持参数的测定,以及通过室内模拟试验对土壤磷素淋失突变点的测定,研究了土壤磷素吸持参数、土壤磷素淋失突变点和部分土壤性质之间的关系。结果表明,经过26年的长期施肥,M75P60和M75N120P60处理的Olsen-P含量比CK处理的提高了10.7和9.8倍,全磷(T-P)含量比CK处理的提高了60.4%和57.7%。长期磷肥和有机肥投入可以减低土壤磷素的最大吸附量(Qm),而提高土壤磷素的吸附饱和度(DPSS),M75N120P60处理的Qm比CK的减低了49.92%,而DPSS比CK的提高了21.5倍。相关分析表明,黄土旱塬土壤的Qm与Olsen-P、T-P和CaCl2-P呈极显著的负相关关系(P<0.01),与土壤有机质呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05)。零净吸附浓度磷(EPC0)与Olsen-P和CaCl2-P呈极显著正相关关系,与T-P和SOM也达到显著正相关,而与pH值的关系不显著,但土壤磷最大缓冲能力(MBC)与pH值的关系达到极显著。DPSS与Olsen-P、T-P、CaCl2-P和SOM呈极显著正相关关系。土壤磷素淋失的Olsen-P突变点值与土壤吸持参数Qm呈极显著正相关,与MBC也达到显著正相关,与DPSS、Olsen-P、T-P和CaCl2-P呈极显著负相关关系。该地区土壤磷素淋失的Olsen-P突变点值与DPSS15%的值极为吻合,即可以用DPSS15%值作为该地土壤磷素淋失的突变点值。
Through the determination of soil phosphorus and its holding parameters under different fertilization treatments under long-term (26a) localized fertilization on the Loess Plateau, and the determination of the point of soil phosphorus leaching by laboratory simulation, the effects of soil phosphorus Sucrose sorption parameters, the relationship between soil P leaching and some soil properties. The results showed that after 26 years of long-term fertilization, Olsen-P content of M75P60 and M75N120P60 increased by 10.7 and 9.8 times and that of total phosphorus (P-P) increased by 60.4% and 57.7%, respectively. Long-term phosphate and organic fertilizers could reduce the maximum phosphorus uptake (Qm) of soil while increasing the phosphorus uptake (DPSS) of soil, the Qm of M75N120P60 decreased by 49.92% compared with that of CK, while the increase of DPSS 21.5 times. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between Qm and Olsen-P, T-P and CaCl2-P (P <0.01) and negatively correlated with soil organic matter (P <0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the concentration of EPC0 and Olsen-P and CaCl2-P, but also a significant positive correlation with TP and SOM, but not with the pH value. However, the maximum phosphorus buffer capacity (MBC ) And pH value reached a significant significant. There was a significant positive correlation between DPSS and Olsen-P, T-P, CaCl2-P and SOM. There was a significant positive correlation between Olsen-P mutation value and soil adsorption parameter Qm, a significant positive correlation with MBC, and a significantly negative correlation with DPSS, Olsen-P, TP and CaCl2-P . In this area, the Olsen-P mutation value of soil phosphorus leaching is in good agreement with the value of 15% of DPSS, that is, the DPSS15% value can be used as the point value of the phosphorus leaching in this area.