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目的探讨吸烟对心脏自主神经功能的影响。方法应用时域法和频域法对２０例正常人进行吸烟前后心率变异性分析。结果（１）时域法：吸烟后平均ＲＲ间期比吸烟前明显缩短（９０３．９±７８．３ｍｓ，８００．６±９９．４ｍｓ，Ｐ＜０．０１）；５分钟ＲＲ间期的标准差（ＳＤＮＮ）明显降低（５３．１±２１．６ｍｓ，４２．８±１６．１，Ｐ＜０．０５）；相邻瞬时心率差值均数的标准差（ｒ－ＭＳＳＤ）明显降低（４９．３±２５．０ｍｓ，３３．１±１５．４ｍｓ，Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）频域法：０～０．０４Ｈｚ频段功率谱密度的百分比，吸烟后比吸烟前有明显增高（３３．３±９．６，４１．３±１０．５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。０．１５～０．５０Ｈｚ频段功率谱密度的百分比，吸烟后比吸烟前明显降低（３７．５±１４．３，２７．１±１１．５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论吸烟后交感神经活性明显增强，副交感神经活性明显降低，心率变异程度减低。吸烟对心脏自主神经的影响，特别是对副交感神经的抑制作用不容忽视。其机制可能与烟碱型胆碱能受体参与副交感神经节的传递有关。
Objective To investigate the effect of smoking on cardiac autonomic nervous system function. Methods The heart rate variability of 20 normal subjects before and after smoking was analyzed by time domain method and frequency domain method. Results (1) The time-domain method: The average RR interval after smoking was significantly shorter than that before smoking (903.9 ± 78.3 ms, 800.6 ± 99.4 ms, P <0.01); the standard RR interval (SDNN) was significantly lower (53.1 ± 21.6 ms, 42.8 ± 16.1, P <0.05). The standard deviation (r-MSSD) of adjacent instantaneous heart rate difference was significantly lower .3 ± 25.0 ms, 33.1 ± 15.4 ms, P <0.05). (2) Frequency domain method: The percentage of power spectral density in 0 ~ 0.04Hz band was significantly higher than that before smoking (33.3 ± 9.6, 41.3 ± 10.5, P <0.01) . The percentage of power spectral density in the band of 0.15-0.50 Hz was significantly lower after smoking than before smoking (37.5 ± 14.3,27.1 ± 11.5, P <0.01). Conclusion After smoking, the sympathetic nerve activity was significantly increased, parasympathetic activity was significantly reduced, the degree of heart rate variability was reduced. Smoking on the autonomic nervous system, especially the parasympathetic inhibitory effect can not be ignored. The mechanism may be related to the involvement of nicotinic cholinergic receptors in the transmission of parasympathetic ganglia.