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Purpose: To compare the results by B-scan ultrasonography and findings in pars plana vitrectomy, and assess the diagnostic value of B-scan ultrasonography in endophthalmitis.Methods: Thirty eyes of 30 subjects diagnosed as endophthalmitis were selected, who undergone preoperative B-scan ultrasonography. The result of pars plana vitrectomy was recorded. The above two results were compared.Results: On the evaluation of vitreous and retinal states in the patients with endophthalmitis, the sensitivity of ultrasound was 90%～100%, and the specificity was 79%～100%.Poorer preoperative visual acuity was related with retinal detachment and retinal dissolution. The preoperative visual acuity in eyes with local vitreous opacity was better than with diffuse vitreous opacity.Conclusion: Comparison of the results of B-scan ultrasonography and the findings in pars plana vitrectomy showed B-scan ultrasonography is highly sensitive, specific, and is very helpful in the evaluation of endophthalmitis. B-scan ultrasonography can not only supply much information in the diagnosis of endophthalmitis but also inspect its trends and changes, which is helpful in the selection of treatment and planning the time of surgery.