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本文介绍了地物的二向性反射分布函数（ＢＲＤＦ）及共数学模型，讨论了ＢＲＤＦ的某种特定子集与地物结构的某些重要特征之间的关系，即地物结构的方向谱。为了描述ＢＲＤＦ的方向谱，作者选择并定义了信息量最为丰富的两个子集。即主平面子集和主锥面子集。还介绍了观测上的最新进展。
This paper introduces the bifurcation reflection distribution function (BRDF) and co-mathematic model of ground objects, and discusses the relationship between some specific features of BRDF and some important features of ground object structure, that is, the direction spectrum of ground object structure . In order to describe the direction spectrum of the BRDF, the author selects and defines the two most informative subsets. The main plane subset and the main cone subset. The latest developments in observation are also introduced.