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【目的】筛选具有多个优异性状的种质资源,为广泛有效地利用这些新种质提供有用信息。【方法】以通过农艺性状综合评价筛选来的403份来自近期国家重点科技攻关获得的优良种质为材料,采用SDS-PAGE方法分析其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成。【结果】供试材料在编码HMW-GS位点上具有较大的变异,共检测到了30个等位变异,形成64种HMW-GS组合形式。同时,在供试材料中不仅出现了“7*+9”、“2+12.2*”和“1.5*+10”等在现代小麦育种材料中的稀有亚基,而且出现了“1+2*”、“7+8+9”、“6+7+8+9”和“2+5+12”等特殊的亚基组合形式。其中有24.32%(98份)材料在Glu-1的位点具有2个优质亚基,有9.93%(40份)材料在Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1 3个位点均携带有小麦加工品质所需优质亚基。【结论】403份具有优良农艺性状的小麦种质资源在编码HMW-GS的3个基因位点上表现出丰富的多态性,共有30种HMW-GS等位变异,64种亚基组合形式;其中40份材料在Glu-1的3个位点均携带小麦加工品质所需优质亚基,值得进一步研究和利用。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to screen germplasm resources with many excellent traits and to provide useful information for extensive and effective utilization of these new germplasms. 【Method】 403 high-quality glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) from the national key scientific and technological breakthroughs screened by agronomic traits were screened by SDS-PAGE. 【Result】 The results showed that there was a large variation in the HMW-GS locus of the tested materials. A total of 30 allelic variants were detected, forming 64 HMW-GS combinations. At the same time, not only the rare subunits such as “7 * + 9”, “2 + 12.2 *” and “1.5 * + 10” appeared in modern wheat breeding materials, Special subunit combinations such as “1 + 2 *”, “7 + 8 + 9 ”, “6 + 7 + 8 + 9 ” and “2 + 5 + 12 ”. Among them, 24.32% (98) of the material had two excellent subunits at the Glu-1 locus, and 9.93% (40) of the material carried the three loci at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu- High quality subunits required for wheat processing quality. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that 403 wheat germplasms with excellent agronomic traits showed rich polymorphism at the three loci encoding HMW-GS. There were 30 HMW-GS allelic variations and 64 combinations of subunits Among them, 40 materials carried high-quality subunits required for processing quality of wheat at all three sites of Glu-1, which deserved further study and utilization.