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本组3年间观察386例住院急性腹泻病患儿四季均有发病，但呈两次发病高峰，一是6～9月份；二是10月至次年1月份。有病原学资料的135例中，第1个高峰以细菌性腹泻为主，其中痢疾杆菌感染为46．3％；第2个高峰以轮状病毒（HRV）感染为主。以6月龄以上至2岁以下小儿为发病的多发年龄，占同期腹泻患儿的71％。病原学与病情分析提示，有无脱水和发热不是鉴别细菌性或非细菌性腹泻的可靠依据；发病季节有助于细菌性还是非细菌性感染的判断。在6～9月份肉眼大便无脓血，不能作为排除细菌性痢疾的依据。细菌性腹泻检出病原菌痢疾杆菌占首位，其次为大肠杆菌、沙门菌、克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金葡菌等，真菌性肠炎的发生率为0．75％；发现肠道滴虫1例。迁延性腹泻患儿大使细菌培养阳性8／17（39％）例，其中福氏痢疾杆菌6（33％）例，提示1岁以上患儿细菌感染为引起迁延性腹泻的主要病原体；而1岁以下患儿则HRV感染可能性较大。
This group of 3 years observed 386 cases of hospitalized children with acute diarrhea incidence of four seasons, but the peak incidence of two, one is from June to September; the second is from October to January of the following year. Among the 135 cases with etiological data, the first peak was mainly caused by bacterial diarrhea, in which Shigella dysenteriae infection was 46.3%. The second peak was rotavirus (HRV) infection. To more than 6 months to 2 years of age children with multiple age of onset, accounting for 71% of children with the same period of diarrhea. Etiology and disease analysis suggest that whether or not dehydration and fever is not a reliable basis for identifying bacterial or non-bacterial diarrhea; the onset of the season contributes to the judgment of bacterial or non-bacterial infections. In 6 ~ September stool without abscess, can not be used as a basis for the elimination of bacterial dysentery. Bacillary diarrhea accounted for the first pathogen dysentery bacillus, followed by E. coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, the incidence of fungal enteritis was 0.75%; found intestinal Trichomoniasis in 1 case. Bacterial infections in children with persistent diarrhea were positive in 8/17 (39%) cases, including 6 (33%) cases of Shigella flexneri, suggesting that bacterial infections in children over 1 year old were the major pathogens causing persistent diarrhea; and 1 year The following children are more likely to be infected with HRV.