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目的:调查化疗致急性白血病粒细胞缺乏患者感染的临床特点,分析原因并提出相应护理对策。方法:采用前瞻性调查法,调查80例化疗后粒细胞缺乏患者的感染情况。结果:急性白血病化疗致粒细胞缺乏患者感染率为61.2%,感染部位以上呼吸道为主,其次为肺部及口腔感染;主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌;感染的发生与住院时间、使用免疫抑制剂、白细胞数目<1.0×109/L有关。结论:粒细胞缺乏患者易发生医院感染,应密切关注其血象及体温变化,及时采取相应治疗,合理使用粒细胞集落刺激因子并严格落实各项护理措施,达到降低医院感染率的目的。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features of patients with agranulocytosis due to chemotherapy-induced leukemia, analyze the causes and propose corresponding nursing strategies. Methods: A prospective investigation was conducted to investigate the infection of 80 patients with agranulocytosis after chemotherapy. Results: The infection rate of acute leukemia patients with granulocytopenia was 61.2%, the upper respiratory tract was the main infection area, followed by pulmonary and oral infections; the main pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria; the incidence of infection and hospital stay, the use of immunosuppressive agents , The number of white blood cells <1.0 × 109 / L. Conclusions: Patients with agranulocytosis are prone to nosocomial infection. Pay close attention to the changes of their blood and body temperature, and take appropriate treatment in time. The appropriate use of granulocyte colony stimulating factor and strict implementation of various nursing measures should be implemented to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.