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为探索适合我国农村地区新生儿乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗接种的管理模式 ,1 996～ 1 998年在经济欠发达的开封县进行了以“政府领导、部门配合、扩大宣传、普及乙肝防治知识、调动民众参与的积极性 ,强化接种技术队伍建设 ,规范免疫程序和工作程序 ,建立检查、考核、评比制度”为主要内容的新生儿乙肝疫苗接种管理模式的研究。实施后的第 1年即 1 996年 ,新生儿乙肝疫苗接种率由实施前 1 995年的 2 9 32 %提高到 89 0 5% ,1 997年和 1 998年又分别提高到 94 34%和 95 0 9% ;1 998年新生儿乙肝疫苗第 1针及时接种率达 92 82 % ,并将乙肝疫苗接种纳入了计划免疫管理。经放射免疫法检测 2 70名接种乙肝疫苗的儿童 ,免疫后 1～ 3年的抗 -HBs阳性率为 81 1 %。在开封市其它县试点乡推广后的第 1年即 1 998年 ,新生儿乙肝疫苗平均接种率由原来的2 5 0 2 %提高到 98 34%。
In order to explore a management model suitable for hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination in newborns in rural areas of our country, from 1996 to 1998 in Kaifeng County, an economically underdeveloped area under the guidance of “government leaders and departments cooperate to expand publicity and popularize knowledge on prevention and treatment of hepatitis B , To mobilize the enthusiasm of the public to participate in, strengthen the construction of vaccination teams, regulate immunization procedures and procedures, the establishment of inspection, assessment, appraisal system ”as the main content of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination management model. In 1996, the first year after implementation, the rate of newborn hepatitis B vaccination increased from 29.32% of the pre-implementation period of 1995 to 89.05%, and then to 94.34% in 1997 and 1988 respectively 95 0 9%. In 1998, the first-dose neonatal hepatitis B vaccine was administered in a timely manner at a rate of 92.82%, and hepatitis B vaccination was included in the planned immunization management. By radioimmunoassay of 2 70 vaccinated children with hepatitis B vaccine, 1 to 3 years after immunization anti-HBs positive rate was 81 1%. In the first year after the promotion of pilot counties in other counties in Kaifeng City, the average inoculation rate of new-born hepatitis B vaccine increased from 25.02% to 98.34% in 1998.