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目的:了解本地慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)急性加重期痰培养病原菌及对抗菌药物敏感及耐药情况。方法:对太原市太钢总医院呼吸科2011年10月至2013年10月收治的COPD急性加重期患者,随机抽取191例,其中68例痰培养结果阳性,对其进行回顾性分析。结果:68例痰培养结果阳性者中有革兰阴性细菌51例(75.00%),革兰阳性细菌14例(20.59%)。真菌3例(4.41%)。COPD患者细菌感染以肺炎克雷伯杆菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎链球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、普通变形杆菌、白色念珠菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等高检出率为主。结论:对COPD急性加重期患者,呼吸道感染以革兰阴性细菌为主,痰细菌学培养结果与患者病情严重程度关系密切,应合理选择抗菌药物。
Objective: To understand the pathogens of sputum culture in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their susceptibility to antibacterials. Methods: A total of 191 patients were randomly selected from the Department of Respiratory Diseases, Taiyuan General Hospital of Taiyuan from October 2011 to October 2013 and 68 patients were positive for sputum culture. The patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: There were 51 gram negative bacteria (75.00%) and 14 gram positive bacteria (20.59%) in 68 sputum culture positive patients. 3 fungi (4.41%). In COPD patients, the highest detection rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Proteus vulgaris, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus were the Lord. Conclusions: Gram-negative bacteria are the main respiratory tract infections in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. The results of sputum bacteriological culture are closely related to the severity of patients’ illness. Antibiotics should be selected reasonably.