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本文将社会运动参与动机的相关理论划分为四类分析视角(结构视角、文化视角、理性视角和情绪视角),它们分别强调人际网络、集体认同、效能和风险感知以及群体愤怒在刺激人们参加社会运动的过程中所扮演的重要角色。我们没有将以上变量视作相互独立的解释因素,而是提出一个整合模型将四个分析视角纳入同一个模型中。我们认为,各视角下的解释因素是相互关联的,但它们在促进社会运动参与的过程中各自的作用方式有所不同。人际网络、集体认同、效能和风险感知以及群体愤怒都直接影响人们的参与动机,而人际网络和集体认同又通过塑造人们的效能和风险感知以及群体愤怒来对社会运动的参与施以间接影响。本研究以我国发生的反日游行为研究对象,对我们提出的社会运动参与动机整合模型进行检验。2014年,我们在北京对1458名在校大学生进行了大规模问卷调查,通过结构方程模型研究可知,我们所建立的整合模型能够有效解释大学生参与未来反日游行的意愿和动机。
This paper divides the related theories of social motivation into four kinds of analysis perspectives (structural perspective, cultural perspective, rational perspective and emotional perspective), which respectively emphasize interpersonal networks, collective identity, effectiveness and risk perception and group anger in stimulating people’s participation in society The important role played in the process of exercise. Instead of considering the above variables as independent explanatory factors, we propose an integrated model that incorporates the four analytic perspectives into the same model. In our opinion, the explanatory factors under each perspective are interrelated, but each has its own way of acting differently in promoting the participation of social movements. Interpersonal networks, collective identities, performance and risk perception, and group anger all have a direct impact on people’s motivation to participate, which in turn indirectly influences the participation of social movements by shaping people’s performance and risk perception and group anger. In this study, the anti-Japanese parades that took place in our country are the research objects, and the integration model of motivation for social participation proposed by us is tested. In 2014, we conducted a large-scale survey of 1,458 undergraduates in Beijing. From the study of the structural equation model, we know that the integrated model we established can effectively explain the will and motivation of college students to participate in future anti-Japanese demonstrations.