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对特定序列的双链DNA(ds DNA)的识别是近几十年来生物医学和分子生物学等领域一大研究热点。利用原有的核苷酸或人工设计的化学分子配体与ds DNA序列之间的特异性识别作用,基因疾病诊断、基因治疗、基因编辑可以被实现。发卡型寡聚酰胺是一种能在ds DNA螺旋小沟处以较好的亲和力特异性结合ds DNA序列的分子配体,具有良好细胞膜通透性、胞内稳定性等优点。本文综述了发卡型寡聚酰胺对ds DNA的识别性质及其在生物化学、生物医学等方面的应用,为发卡型寡聚酰胺的设计及应用提供参考。
Identification of specific sequences of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is a major research hotspot in the fields of biomedicine and molecular biology in recent decades. The use of original nucleotide or artificially designed chemical ligands and ds DNA sequences between the specific recognition of the role of genetic disease diagnosis, gene therapy, gene editing can be achieved. The hairpin oligomer is a kind of molecular ligand that can bind ds dsDNA sequence with better affinity in the minor groove of ds DNA, which has the advantages of good cell membrane permeability and intracellular stability. This review summarizes the recognition properties of dsDNA by hairpin oligomers and their applications in biochemistry and biomedicine. It provides a reference for the design and application of hairpin oligomers.