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深部资源开发中地下洞室围岩稳定控制必须面对峰后碎裂岩体的变形和破坏问题,目前深部多裂隙岩体开挖强卸荷引起的围岩变形破坏规律尚不清楚,常导致大体积塌方、大变形等重大工程事故。采用大尺度三维模型相似试验系统,分析具有不同倾角的多层节理的岩体在高地应力下开挖变形破坏规律。试验结果表明:裂隙倾角较小时,隧道上、下侧围岩主要发生大变形,左、右侧围岩呈现分层破裂现象,随着裂隙倾角增大,破裂区从洞室左、右两侧逐渐扩展到洞室全周,顶部岩体越容易发生大体积滑塌;隧道围岩由内向外应力和位移值呈波动状分布;洞周塑性区范围随裂隙倾角增大而增大,裂隙倾角越大,洞周塑性区越容易与洞室上、下侧裂隙面连通。该研究为保障深部工程的安全修建与运营提供了试验基础。
The stability control of surrounding rock in underground caverns during the development of deep resources must face the deformation and failure of post-peak fractured rock mass. The law of deformation and failure of surrounding rock caused by strong unloading of deep multi-fractured rock masses is not clear, Large-scale landslides, major deformation and other major accidents. A large-scale three-dimensional model similarity test system is adopted to analyze the deformation and failure of rock mass under multi-layer joints with different inclination under high ground stress. The experimental results show that the surrounding rock at the upper and lower sides of the tunnel mainly undergoes large deformation when the angle of fracture is small, and the surrounding rock at the left and right sides presents the phenomenon of delamination and rupture. As the angle of crack increases, the fracture zone extends from the left and right sides of the tunnel Gradually expanding to the entire cavern, the top of the rock prone to large-scale slump; tunnel surrounding rock from the inside out stress and displacement values were fluctuant-like distribution; plastic zone of the cave area with the crack angle increases with the increase of cracks angle The larger the plastic zone around the hole more easily with the cavern, the lower side of the fracture surface connectivity. The research provides the experimental basis for ensuring the safe construction and operation of deep engineering.