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一、煤炭开采破坏土地带来的社会、环境和经济问题随着国民经济的发展,煤炭需量不断增加,据有关方面规划和预测,“七五”期末需煤10亿吨,“八五”期末12亿吨,到本世纪末需要14-15亿吨,煤炭开采量越大,地面占用和破坏土地愈多。据不完全统计,到1984年开滦、两淮等40个矿区由于开采塌陷破坏的土地已达135.5万亩,塌陷平均深度为5.67M,采万吨煤的平均塌陷土地为2,807亩淮北矿区截止1986年底,煤矿征地总数已达14.5万亩,其中塌陷征地8.4万亩,平均每采万吨煤塌陷耕地4.24亩。而1986年万吨采煤塌陷耕地高达6.50亩,予计今后每年煤矿塌陷耕地1.20万亩该矿区人均耕地仅有0.7亩,其中烈山煤矿矿区的人均耕地只有0.11亩又如徐州矿区的万吨
I. Social, Environmental and Economic Problems Caused by Coal Mining Destroying Land With the development of the national economy, the demand for coal has been on the rise. According to the planning and forecast of the relevant quarters, the 1,500thousand-ton coal- The end of 1.2 billion tons, by the end of this century need 1.4-15 billion tons, the greater the amount of coal mining, the ground occupation and destruction of land more. According to incomplete statistics, by 1984, Kailuan, Huai and other 40 mining areas due to exploitation of collapsed land has reached 135.5 hectares, the average depth of collapse was 5.67M, mining an average of 20,000 tons of coal for the collapse of land to 2,807 acres of mining area in Huaibei Mine cut-off By the end of 1986, the total land acquisition of coal mines has reached 145,000 mu, of which 84,000 mu are for land acquisition and 4.24 mu are for collapse of cultivated land per 10,000 tons of coal. In 1986, 10,000 tons of coal mining collapsed land was as high as 6.50 mu. It is estimated that there will be only 120,000 mu of arable land per capita in the coal mines in the future. Per capita arable land in this mining area is only 0.7 mu, of which only 0.11 mu is per capita cultivated in the coal mines of the Seishan Coal Mine.