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目的观察不同剂量头孢曲松对鼠疫的治疗效果。方法将80只新西兰大白兔随机分为对照组和治疗组,治疗组按给不同剂量的头孢曲松(400、150、50mg/kg)分为3组。强毒鼠疫菌141株,37℃培养24 h,将培养物稀释成含菌20亿/ml,在大白兔鼠鼷部皮下接种,每只1 ml。24 h后治疗组按400、150、50 mg/kg静脉注射头孢曲松,每天分2次给药,连续给药9 d。观察4组动物精神状态、食量、饮水、被毛、并测量体温,死亡动物取腺、肝、脾、肺、心做鼠疫细菌学培养。存活动物于停药后第9天心脏采血并处死,进行鼠疫细菌学培养和间接血细胞凝集试验(IHA)。结果对照组动物全部死亡,各脏器细菌学培养均分离到鼠疫菌。治疗组大白兔死亡21只,头孢曲松400、150、50 mg/kg组的治愈率分别为45．16%、80．00%、93．30%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(X~2=17．395,P＜0．005)。存活的大白兔在停药后第9天全部处死,各脏器鼠疫细菌学培养阴性,IHA均为阳性,滴度介于1：40～1：20 480。结论头孢曲松可用于鼠疫的临床治疗,但要注意治疗剂量,剂量过高同样会降低治愈率,增加死亡率。
Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of different doses of ceftriaxone on plague. Methods Eighty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. The treatment group was divided into three groups according to different doses of ceftriaxone (400, 150, 50 mg / kg). 141 strains of virulent Yersinia pestis were cultured at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The culture was diluted to 2 g / ml and inoculated subcutaneously in rabbits at 1 ml each. After 24 h, the patients in the treatment group were given ceftriaxone 400, 150 and 50 mg / kg intravenously twice daily for 9 days. Four groups of animals were observed for mental status, food intake, drinking water and coat, and body temperature was measured. The dead animals were taken from the gland, liver, spleen, lung and heart for bacterial plague culture. The surviving animals were sacrificed on the 9th day after drug withdrawal and sacrificed for bacterial plague cultivation and indirect hemagglutination test (IHA). Results The animals in the control group all died, and Yersinia pestis was isolated from the bacteriological culture of each organ. 21 rabbits in the treatment group died of ceftriaxone 400,150,50 mg / kg, the cure rates were 45.16%, 80.00% and 93.30%, respectively, there was significant difference between the two groups (X ~ 2 = 17.395, P <0.005). The surviving rabbits were all sacrificed on the 9th day after drug withdrawal. The bacteriological culture of each organ was negative and the IHA was positive. The titer ranged from 1:40 to 1:20 480. Conclusion Ceftriaxone can be used in the clinical treatment of plague, but pay attention to the treatment dose, high dose will also reduce the cure rate and increase mortality.