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一、避开长江口拦门沙,加强跨省市区域合作。 有专家认为,长江口深水航道的整治工程是解决上海深水航道和深水港区的最佳途径。愚以为,这一项目投资量大、技术问题复杂、周期长、不确定因素太大,不宜匆促上马。长江是多泥沙河流,每年输沙量达7亿吨,长江口年均输沙总量达4.86亿吨。长江口泥沙顶沉积运移复杂,河道宽浅分汊,沙滩出没游移,口门拦门沙顶水深仅6米至7米。世界上多泥沙河口整治鲜有成功的范例。以美国密西西比河口港新奥尔良为例,目前水深已达13.7米,最大水深达18.2米。但这不是单靠治理河口所得的结果。一百多年来.美国花费巨资对密西西比河进行了全流域治理,使年输沙量从5亿吨减少到不足1亿吨,并在河口龙颈外建起两条输沙分道,从而辟出了深水航槽。美国治理密西西比河的第一目标是兴利除患,而河口港的港口航道治理只是全流域整治后水到渠成的一个附带效益。事实上,世界上多泥沙河口治理取得明显效果的先例是没有的。
First, to avoid the Yangtze River estuary barges, strengthen inter-provincial and regional cooperation. Some experts believe that the Yangtze Estuary deepwater channel regulation project is to solve the Shanghai deep-water channel and the best way to deep-water port. Stupid thought, this project investment is large, technical problems are complex, long cycle, uncertainties are too large, should not be promptly launched. The Yangtze River is a sediment-laden river with an annual sediment transport of 700 million tons and an average annual sediment transport of 486 million tons at the mouth of the Yangtze River. Sediment sediment transport of the Yangtze River estuary complex, wide and shallow river channel, the beach haunt, mouth bar door sand water depth of only 6 to 7 meters. There are few successful examples of rehabilitated sediment in the world. Take the New Orleans, Mississippi estuary as an example. At present, the water depth has reached 13.7 meters and the maximum water depth has reached 18.2 meters. But this is not the result of relying solely on estuaries. For more than one hundred years, the United States has spent huge sums of money on the Mississippi River basin-wide governance, the annual sediment transport from 500 million tons to less than 100 million tons, and estuaries outside the neck and neck built two sand transport lanes, Thus opening up a deep water navigation slot. The first goal of the United States in the control of the Mississippi River is to promote economic and social development except for the port waterway management at the port of mouth, which is only an incidental benefit after the river basin improvement. In fact, there is no precedent for the obvious effect of multi-sediment management in the world.