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目的分析2008-2014年黑河市手足口病流行特点,为有效预防控制手足口病提供科学数据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2008-2014年黑河市手足口病资料进行分析。结果 2008-2014年黑河市共报告手足口病5 015例,年均发病率为41.65/10万。5-9月份是发病高峰,占发病总数的88.60%。病例集中在0~5岁年龄组儿童,占总病例数的77.59%。男性2 908例,女性2 107例,男女之比为1.38:1。职业分布以散居儿童为主,占总病例数的48.67%。经病原学检测,手足口病毒株以EV71型为主,占确诊病例的59.33%。结论 2008-2014年黑河市手足口病流行具有明显的季节、地区和人群特征,提示今后应采取以加强健康教育、托幼机构传染病防控管理和医疗救治为重点的综合性防控措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HFMD in Heihe City during 2008-2014 and provide scientific data for effective prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze HFMD data in Heihe City from 2008 to 2014. Results A total of 5 015 HFMD cases were reported in Heihe City from 2008 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 41.65 / 100 000. May-September is the peak incidence, accounting for 88.60% of the total incidence. The cases were concentrated in children aged 0-5 years, accounting for 77.59% of the total number of cases. There were 2 908 males and 2 107 females, with a ratio of men to women of 1.38: 1. The occupational distribution was dominated by scattered children, accounting for 48.67% of the total number of cases. The pathogen test, hand-foot-mouth virus strains to EV71-based, accounting for 59.33% of confirmed cases. Conclusion The epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Heihe City during 2008-2014 have obvious seasonal, regional and population characteristics, suggesting that the prevention and control of infectious diseases and medical treatment should be taken as a comprehensive prevention and control measures in the future.