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对某煤矿男性职工２５８９人追踪２１年（１９７２．１．１～１９９２．１２，３１），发现肺心病占死因第一位，恶性肿瘤居第二位，恶性肿瘤的ＲＲ为４。７８，ＡＲ为７９．５６／１０万，工伤ＲＲ４．５，Ｍ６５．７３／１０万，同居民对照组比全死亡，恶性肿瘤均无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；工伤则显著高于居民组（ＳＭＲ９．０，Ｐ＜０．０１）．前１０年与后１１年相比，工伤死亡下降，恶性肿瘤死亡有上升趋势，肺心病无明显变化。故认为危及工人生命的主要疾病是慢性呼吸系统疾病、肺心病和恶性肿瘤等。因此应把防尘和防治慢性疾病作为预防工作的重点。
The 2589 male employees of a coal mine were followed up for 21 years (from January 1972 to December 1992, December 31) and found that the first cause of death was pulmonary heart disease, the second was malignant tumors, and the RR of malignant tumors was 4.78. AR (79.56 / 100000), work injury (R 4.5, M65.73 / 100000), no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the same-resident control group and all-death and malignant tumors; SMR9.0, P <0.01). Compared with the first 11 years after the first 10 years, the death of work-related injuries decreased, the death rate of malignant tumors was on an upward trend, and there was no significant change in pulmonary heart disease. Therefore, the main diseases endangering workers are chronic respiratory diseases, pulmonary heart disease and malignant tumors. Therefore, dust prevention and prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should be the focus of prevention.