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锤锻模工装设计时,首先要解决的问题,就是要根据冷锻件的几何尺寸并考虑到热胀冷缩率绘出热锻件图。一般钢材的冷缩率通常取为1.2～1.5％。但是影响冷缩率的因素很多,如锻件的材质、结构特点、模锻成形时的难易程度,锻模的损坏规律、是否要热校正、设备吨位大小、公差的大小、锻件所在模膛部位等。因此,冷缩率选择的正确与否,对技术经济效果影响较大。下面结合实例来说明各种因素对选择冷缩率的影响。
Hammer die tooling design, the first problem to be solved is to be based on the geometry of the cold forgings and taking into account the thermal expansion and contraction rate drawing hot forgings map. The general reduction rate of steel is usually taken as 1.2 to 1.5%. However, many factors affect the rate of shrinkage, such as the forging material, structural characteristics, ease of forming forging, forging damage rules, whether to heat correction, equipment tonnage size, the size of the tolerance, Wait. Therefore, the choice of the correct rate of shrinkage, a greater impact on the technical and economic effects. The following combination of examples to illustrate the various factors on the impact of the choice of shrinkage.