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滑车、绞车、千斤顶、扒杆、缆索吊车等常用简单起重机具,在铁路施工中,对解决起重运输、节省人力、缩短工期有重要的作用。本章着重介绍这些起重机具的力学原理。在修正主义教育路线统治时期,这些内容很少写入力学教材,或者零星的有一些,也不大结合实际。学生学完力学课以后,有的人连扒杆也不知道,更不会分析和应用。这种状况必须改变。起重机具的种类和形式繁多,这里将只讨论铁路施工中几种常见起重机具的力学原理,并力求简明实用,尽量减少烦琐的数学推导。希望通过这一章的学习,初步掌握基本原理和应用方法,从而更好地发挥机具的作用,为多快好省地建设社会主义服务。
Pulleys, winches, jacks, grids, cable cranes and other commonly used simple lifting gear, in the railway construction, to solve the lifting transport, save manpower, shorten the duration of an important role. This chapter focuses on the mechanics of these cranes. During the reign of revisionist education, these contents were seldom included in mechanical textbooks, or sporadic ones, nor did they combine reality. After the student finished mechanics class, some people do not even know the strop bar, but will not analyze and apply. This situation must change. There are many types and forms of cranes. Here we will discuss only the mechanics of several common cranes in railway construction. We will try our best to make them concise and practical and minimize cumbersome mathematical derivation. I hope through this chapter, I will master the basic principles and application methods so that we can give full play to the role of machinery and build a socialist service for more rapid, better and more economical results.