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浮游海藻是海洋中最主要的初级生产者。但是,由于富营养化等原因,在近岸海域有时会引起某些浮游海藻群体迅速地繁殖,优势种的个体密度高到能使海水着色,形成所谓赤潮。赤潮是一种自然现象,早在达尔文的航海记录中就有记载。赤潮现象分布很广,在印度西南岸、西南非洲、南加利福尼亚、佛罗里达、秘鲁和日本等地的近岸海域都曾出现过。近年来,随着近代工业的飞速发展和域市人口的高度集中,世界各地沿海赤潮频繁,给渔业经济和人类健康带来十分有害的影响。
Planktonic seaweed is the leading primary producer in the oceans. However, due to eutrophication and other reasons, some pelagic algae populations may sometimes cause rapid population expansion in nearshore waters. Individual species of dominant species may be colored so high that they form so-called red tides. Red tide is a natural phenomenon, as early as recorded in Darwin’s voyage record. Red tides are widely distributed and have occurred in coastal waters off Southwest India, Southwest Africa, southern California, Florida, Peru and Japan. In recent years, along with the rapid development of modern industry and the concentration of the population of the municipality, the frequent red tides along the coast in the world have a detrimental impact on the fishery economy and human health.