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目的 探讨人类白细胞抗原(HLA)DRB基因多态性与中国汉族人群服用抗结核药出现过敏反应的相关性.方法 用序列特异性引物-聚合酶链反应(PCR-SSP)方法,对35例使用抗结核药物后出现过敏反应患者和42例未出现过敏反应的患者血样进行HLA-DRB等位基因分析.结果 发生过敏组和未发生过敏反应组的DR7基因频率分别为10.0％和1.2％,差异有统计学意义(RR=10.25,P＜0.05).结论 DR7可能为抗结核药过敏反应的易感基因.“,”Objective To explore the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB gene polymorphism and allergic reaction of anti-tuberculosis drugs in Chinese Han population.Methods HLA-DRB alleles in 35 patients with allergic reaction and 42 patients with no allergic reaction were analyzed using sequence-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP) method.Results The frequency of DR7 gene in allergy group was significantly higher than that in patients without allergic reaction group (10.0％ vs 1.2％,RR =10.25,P ＜0.05).Conclusion DR7 may be a susceptible gene for allergic reactions to anti-tuberculosis drugs.