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一、病害的识别及其防治(一)小麦根腐病1.症状:全生育期均可发病。主要危害幼苗、根、茎,严重时也危害叶片、麦穗和种子。幼苗受侵,芽鞘和病根及茎基部着生褐斑,表面有黑霉,幼苗倒伏,重者幼苗枯死。感病叶片初生长椭圆形或不规则的褐斑,表面生有黑霉。叶鞘染病着生淡褐色边缘不明显的云状斑块。病穗颖壳褐色,湿度大时长黑霉。病种子粒秕,重的胚部变黑。2.防治方法:①农业防治:深埋病株,减少菌源;选用抗病、耐病品种,如龙辐麦16、龙麦26、垦大8号;实行3年以上轮作,减轻发病;适时早播,减轻受害;施用充分腐熟的农家肥,增强抗病力。
First, the identification of disease and its prevention and treatment (a) wheat root rot 1. Symptoms: the whole growth period can be disease. The main damage to seedlings, roots, stems, also seriously endanger the leaves, ears and seeds. Seedlings invaded, bud sheath and diseased roots and stem base with brown spots, black mold surface, seedling lodging, severe seedlings dead. Sick leaves early growth of oval or irregular brown spots, born black mold surface. Leaf sheath disease with light brown edge is not obvious cloud-like plaque. Disease panicle brown shell, black mold when humidity is high. Sick seeds, heavy embryo black. 2. Prevention and treatment methods: ①Agricultural control: Depth of diseased plants, to reduce the source of bacteria; selection of disease-resistant and disease-resistant varieties, such as Longfumai 16, Longmai 26, Kennedy 8; implementation of rotation for more than 3 years to reduce the incidence; Early sowing, reduce victimization; full use of manure fertilizer, enhance disease resistance.