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全世界每年因肺炎死亡的小儿人数在200万左右，占儿童死亡总人数的19％，是小儿常见疾病中死亡率最高的疾病之一，而心力衰竭则是小儿肺炎最严重并发症之一。目前，诊断小儿重症肺炎合并心力衰竭主要依据其临床表现及脑钠肽等实验室指标，但这往往易导致误诊的可能性。心脏超声检查是一种无创性检查，已经被证实能更准确的反映心脏功能。其中，超声斑点追踪是近年来发展起来的一项诊断小儿重症肺炎并心衰的新技术。具体来说，经由超声成像过程中入射超声波与心肌组织之间发生散射、反射等作用而在图像上形成“斑点”，通过软件分析准确指出心肌功能的节段性异常。该技术有效的减少了对重症肺炎并心衰患儿病情诊断的延误，并且具有可重复，安全、无创、准确的优点。下面笔者就小儿重症肺炎并心衰的诊断研究进展进行以下阐述。“,”Pneumonia is the major cause of death in children .Nearly 2 million children die from pneumonia worldwide each year ,accounting for 19% of the total mortality in ill children .Heart failure is a serious complication of pneumonia . At present ,analyzing clinical symptoms and some laboratory indicators (Brain Natriuretic Peptidei ,BNP) are the major clinical methods to diagnose the condition ,but echocardiography can assess the cardiac function more accurately .Speckle-tracking imagine (STI) is regarded as a new technique ,which can effectively reduce delays in diagnosing severe pneumonia and pediatric heart failure .It is a safe ,noninvasive and accurate procedure .This paper will introduce the research in the diagnosis of heart failure in children with severe pneumonia .