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采用田间试验与15N同位素示踪微区试验,在湖北襄樊植烟生态区老湾村(N 31°27,′E 111°14′,海拔1130 m)研究了3个不同移栽期和施用氮肥对烤烟烟碱含量和烟碱氮素来源的影响。研究结果表明,与5月5日移栽相比,推迟移栽期至5月15日2~5日,烟碱含量、烟碱氮占总氮比例以及烟碱肥料氮比例分别平均增加10%8~5%、5%1~10%和21%5~6%;与不施氮相比,施用氮肥提高烟碱含量12%5~9%,提高烟碱氮占总氮比例5%~127%。烤烟烟碱氮占总氮的比例随生育进程逐渐增加,而各部位烟叶烟碱肥料氮比例随生育进程和叶位上升逐渐下降。土壤氮是烟碱氮的主要来源,对烟叶烟碱含量有决定性影响。结果说明在当地条件下,控施氮肥和适当提前移栽期更有利于降低烟叶(尤其是中、上部叶)中的烟碱含量。
Field experiments and 15N isotope tracing micro-plot experiments were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen fertilization (N application) on three different transplanting periods in Laowancun (N 31 ° 27 ’E 111 ° 14’, elevation 1130 m) in Xiangfan, Hubei Province. Effects of Nicotine Content and Nicotine Nitrogen Source on Flue - cured Tobacco. The results showed that compared with the transplanting on May 5, the nicotine content, nicotine nitrogen, total nitrogen ratio and nicotine fertilizer nitrogen ratio were increased by 10% on average from postponed transplanting to 2 ~ 5 of May 15 respectively. 8 ~ 5%, 5% 1 ~ 10% and 21% 5 ~ 6%. Compared with no nitrogen application, nitrogen application increased 12% 5-9% of nicotine content and increased 5% 127%. The proportion of nicotine nitrogen to total nitrogen in flue-cured tobacco increased with the growth process, while the proportion of nicotine nitrogen in different parts of flue-cured tobacco decreased gradually with the growth and leaf position. Soil nitrogen is the main source of nicotine nitrogen, which has a decisive influence on nicotine content in tobacco leaves. The results showed that under the local conditions, the control of nitrogen fertilizer and appropriate early transplanting period is more conducive to reducing the nicotine content of tobacco leaves, especially the upper and middle leaves.