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目的分析2001-2010年广州市输入性登革热病例的流行病学特征,探讨防控策略和措施。方法从国家《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》、登革热个案调查表和调查报告收集病例资料,设计并建立输入性登革热病例数据库,采用描述流行病学方法分析其流行病学特征。结果2001-2010年广州市共报告输入性病例83例(3.40%),每年均有病例报告。2006-2010年报告61例,比2001-2005年的22例多了39例,增幅达177.27%。除1月份无病例报告外,各月份均有输入性病例报告,高峰期在8-11月份(53例,63.86%)。最大来源地区为东南亚,共67例(80.72%),包括印度尼西亚14例(16.87%)、泰国12例(14.46%)、柬埔寨11例(13.25%)、越南10例(12.05%)、新加坡8例(9.64%)、马来西亚7例(8.43%)、菲律宾3例(3.61%)和缅甸2例(2.41%)。入穗后发病28例(33.73%),入穗前发病55例(66.27%)。结论广州市输入性登革热压力逐渐增加,输入性病例的发现和报告重点在于加强出入境口岸的检疫能力,提高医疗机构的及时诊断率和报告率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported dengue cases in Guangzhou from 2001 to 2010 and to explore the prevention and control strategies and measures. Methods Collecting the case data from the national Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System, the case-studies and the investigation reports of dengue fever, designing and establishing a database of imported dengue cases and describing the epidemiological characteristics by using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 83 imported cases (3.40%) were reported in Guangzhou from 2001 to 2010, and cases were reported every year. Of the 61 cases reported in 2006-2010, there were 39 more cases than the 22 cases in 2001-2005, an increase of 177.27%. In addition to the January case-free report, there was an imported case report for each month, with a peak in August-November (53 cases, 63.86%). The largest source area was Southeast Asia, with 67 cases (80.72%) including 14 (16.87%) in Indonesia, Thailand (12.4%), Cambodia (9.64%) in Malaysia, 7 (8.43%) in Malaysia, 3 (3.61%) in the Philippines and 2 (2.41%) in Myanmar. There were 28 cases (33.73%) after onset of infection, 55 cases (66.27%) before onset of infection. Conclusions The incidence of imported dengue fever in Guangzhou gradually increases. The detection and input of imported cases focus on strengthening the quarantine ability of entry and exit ports and improving the timely diagnosis rate and reporting rate of medical institutions.