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蜜露是蚜虫代谢的最终产物。1980年我们对棉蚜蜜露进行了初步研究,在于为预测预报及防治提供新依据。一龄棉蚜体重25微克,成蚜320微克,一生排蜜量2220微克,随发育而增加。若虫期排蜜频率高,强度大。棉蚜排蜜有明显的昼夜节律,白天多,晚上少,一天中群体排蜜高峰往往与最高温度同步出现。以~(14)C 标记表明,棉蚜排蜜量约为总取食量的72%,在一天内可达90%。棉蚜排蜜的频率(单位时间内排蜜滴数)同温度的高低、光照的强弱、叶片含糖量的多少,空气湿度的大小,以及土壤含水量的高低等因素密切相关。用砂培表明,对棉花增、减氮肥,蚜虫排蜜量都减少,但增氮者繁殖能力提高;磷肥的效应同氮肥相似,似有磷促氮的作用;钾多则排蜜量有增加趋势。棉蚜在不同棉花品种上取食,其排蜜频率差异很大,在具有一定抗性的品种上取食,排蜜频率低。因此,频率可作为测定棉花品种抗蚜性的指标。此外还探索用插叶法、同位素标记法测定成株期抗蚜性。
Honeydew is the final product of aphid metabolism. In 1980, we conducted a preliminary study on cotton aphid honeydew, which is to provide a new basis for forecasting and prevention. A cotton aphid body weight of 25 micrograms, into aphids 320 micrograms, life of honey amount of 2220 micrograms, with the development and increase. Nocturnal row of honey high frequency, strength. Cotton aphid row honey has a clear circadian rhythm, more during the day and less at night, the peak of the row of honey in a day often appear simultaneously with the highest temperature. The ~ (14) C marker indicated that the aphid excreted about 72% of the total food intake and reached 90% in one day. Cotton aphid row of honey frequency (discharge per unit time of the number of nectar) with the temperature level, the intensity of light, the amount of leaf sugar content, the size of air humidity, as well as the level of soil moisture content and other factors are closely related. With sand culture showed that cotton increased, reduced nitrogen, aphids row of honey were reduced, but increased by nitrogen breeding capacity; phosphate fertilizer effect with nitrogen fertilizer similar to the role of phosphorus to promote nitrogen; potassium more than the amount of honey has increased trend. Cotton aphid feeding on different cotton varieties, the row of honey very different frequency, in a certain resistance of the species to eat, row honey frequency is low. Therefore, the frequency can be used as an indicator of cotton aphid resistance. In addition, we also explored the resistance of adult plants to aphids by the method of inserting leaf and isotope labeling.