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目的掌握图们口岸鼠类种群分布情况,为口岸鼠媒传染病的预防和监测提供数据基础,为口岸卫生检疫政策决定提供切实依据。方法根据口岸媒介生物调查监测方案要求,在图们口岸周边布置鼠夹,对捕获的鼠类样本进行种属鉴定、测量并记录身长、尾长、耳长、后足长等数据,用统计学方法对样本数据进行分析,判断不同季节、月份之间捕获的鼠类样本的种属分布、体态数据之间是否存在差异。结果方差分析结果显示,各月份之间鼠密度存在显著差异,其中7月鼠密度最高;各月份之间种属构成比存在差异,其中黑线姬鼠数量最多,为优势种群。各月份之间黑线姬鼠平均体重存在差异,6、7、8月较高。结论结果显示6、7、8月鼠类生长旺盛、行为活跃,因此应作为鼠媒传染病防控的重点时间区间。另外实验室结果显示全年鼠类样本重要病原检测均为阴性,因此认为图们口岸地区鼠媒传染病暴发的风险较低。
Objective To understand the distribution of rodent population in Tumen port and provide a data basis for prevention and monitoring of rodent disease in port and provide a solid basis for the decision of port health and quarantine policy. Methods According to the requirements of monitoring survey program of port organism, the rat clamps were arranged around the Tumen port. Species identification was performed on the captured rat samples. The data of body length, tail length, ear length and hind foot length were measured and recorded. Methods The sample data were analyzed to determine the species distribution of the captured rat samples between different seasons and months, and whether there was any difference between the body data. Results The results of ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference in the mouse densities among all the months, of which the highest was in July. The species composition ratio was different between the two months, of which Apodemus agrarius was the most dominant species. The average body weight of Apodemus agrarius varied from month to month, higher in June, July and August. Conclusion The results showed that the rats in the 6th, 7th, and 8th months grew vigorously and were active. Therefore, they should be regarded as the key time interval for the prevention and control of rodent disease. In addition, laboratory results showed that all the important pathogenicity tests of murine samples were negative during the whole year, so the risk of outbreak of rodent-borne diseases in Tumen port area was low.