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利用电磁辐射传输数据的速率通常受到所用电磁波频带宽度的限制.但是除了频率以外,电磁辐射还有其他的特性.科学家们热衷于使用这些特性来开发多路传输技术,以求增加数据的传输量.例如,在光的极化中表现出光子具有自旋角动量.这一特性已被用来提高数据的传输速率.比如,一数据流使用竖直极化的光子传输,而另一数据流使用水平极化的光子传输.实际上光还可以带有轨道角动量这是由于光波的波阵面相对于波的传播方向旋转而产生的一种运动
The rate at which data is transmitted using electromagnetic radiation is generally limited by the band width of the electromagnetic waves used, but electromagnetic radiation has other characteristics besides frequency and scientists are keen to use these characteristics to develop multiplex transmission techniques in order to increase the amount of data to be transmitted For example, photons with spin-angular momentum appear in the polarization of light, a feature that has been used to increase data transfer rates, such as one using vertically polarized photons, while the other Using horizontally polarized photons. In fact, the light can also have orbital angular momentum due to the movement of the wavefront of the light wave relative to the direction of wave propagation