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一、前言旋转机械的某些故障一般可以通过其振动信号的特征反映出来,例如,轴系不平衡,则其振动信号的主要频率成份是每转一次的基波分量;轴系安装不对中时,陈了基波分量外还有较大的二次和三次谐波分量;而发生油膜震荡时,会出现较大的二分之一次谐波分量等,显然,在分析振动信号的频谱时,上述故障的特征就能从频谱图上反映出来。通常所说的特征分析就是辫识旋转机械各频率分量的一系列数据处理技术,它是旋转机械故障诊断一种有效的工具。二、频谱分析与阶比分析 1、频谱分析这是一种常用的信号分析方法,它表征了机械运转特性的功率谱或幅值谱。频谱结
I. Preface Some faults in rotating machinery can generally be reflected by the characteristics of their vibration signals. For example, if the shaft system is unbalanced, the main frequency component of the vibration signal is the fundamental component of each revolution; when the shaft system is misfit , Chen also has a larger fundamental component of the second and third harmonic components; and the occurrence of oil film shock, there will be a larger second harmonic components, it is clear that the vibration signal in the analysis of the spectrum , The characteristics of the above fault can be reflected from the spectrogram. The so-called feature analysis is a series of data processing techniques that identify the frequency components of a rotating machine. It is an effective tool for fault diagnosis of rotating machines. Second, the spectrum analysis and order analysis 1, spectrum analysis This is a commonly used signal analysis method, which characterizes the mechanical operating characteristics of the power spectrum or amplitude spectrum. Spectrum junction