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目的:了解2012年淄博市临淄区0～4岁儿童扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率现状。方法:采取单纯随机抽样方法,随机抽取12个镇(街道办事处)24个村(居)0～4岁儿童720名,入户调查其建卡、建证率及卡证符合率,扩大国家免疫规划疫苗基础免疫接种率和加强免疫接种率,首针乙肝疫苗和麻疹成分疫苗接种及时率。结果:0～4岁儿童建证率达100%,建卡率达99.58%,卡证符合率达98.89%;国家免疫规划疫苗基础免疫接种率均达95%以上;加强免疫接种率随年龄增大而下降,麻疹成分疫苗接种率最高达98.33%,4岁脊灰疫苗接种率最低达93.75%;首针乙肝疫苗接种及时率达96.53%,但近几年呈逐年下降趋势,而麻疹成分疫苗首针接种及时率达91.25%,且呈逐年上升趋势。结论:临淄区适龄儿童扩大国家免疫规划疫苗接种率均达国家要求,但大年龄组儿童接种率相对较低,需查找原因,采取针对性措施,进一步提高接种率和接种质量,保护儿童身体健康。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status quo of expanding the vaccination coverage of the national immunization program among children aged 0 ~ 4 in Linzi District of Zibo City in 2012. Methods: A total of 720 children aged 0-4 years from 24 villages (neighborhoods) in 12 towns (subdistrict offices) were selected randomly from a random sampling method. The households were investigated for their card construction rate, building permit rate and card matching rate, Immunization program Basic vaccination rate and booster vaccination rate, first-dose hepatitis B vaccine and measles component Vaccination rate in time. Results: The rate of establishing cards was 99.58% and the card matching rate was 98.89% for children aged 0 ~ 4 years. The basic immunization coverage of the national immunization program was over 95% The measles component vaccination rate was as high as 98.33%, the lowest 4-year-old polio vaccine coverage rate was 93.75%; the first-dose hepatitis B vaccination timely rate was 96.53%, but in recent years showed a downward trend year by year, while the measles component vaccine The first needle inoculation timely rate of 91.25%, and showed an upward trend year by year. Conclusion: The vaccination rate of the national immunization program for all school-age children in Linzi District reaches the national requirements, but the vaccination rate of children in the older age group is relatively low. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the reasons and take targeted measures to further improve the vaccination rate and vaccination quality and protect the children’s health .