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通过空间线索范式和分离的情绪Stroop范式考察了刺激呈现时间、线索呈现条件对老年抑郁个体注意偏向的影响,并探讨了老年抑郁个体注意偏向的发生阶段。结果表明:(1)在空间线索任务中,当刺激呈现时间为750ms或1000ms时,老年抑郁组的返回抑制效应在不同情绪刺激条件下差异显著,F(2,66)=3.22,P=.046,而老年正常组则不存在返回抑制效应在情绪刺激类型上的差异(P>.05),提示老年抑郁组对不同情绪类型的刺激注意返回抑制能力不同;(2)在Stroop实验中,老年抑郁组在单中性、双中性与单悲伤面孔、中性悲伤面孔、双悲伤面孔线索类型下的反应时差异显著;且当线索类型为单悲伤面孔、中性悲伤面孔、双悲伤面孔时,老年抑郁组的反应时明显长于老年正常组,F(1,41)=5.37,P=.026;F(1,41)=7.08,P=.011;F(1,41)=7.28,P=.010;提示抑郁组可能在自动化注意选择分配期存在注意偏向。研究认为,老年抑郁个体的注意偏向可能发生在注意初始分配阶段和解释阶段,且受加工深度的影响。
Through the spatial clues paradigm and the separated emotion Stroop paradigm, the effects of stimulus presentation time and clue presentation on the attentional bias of the elderly with depression were investigated, and the occurrence stage of the attention bias of the elderly depression was discussed. The results showed that: (1) In the spatial cue task, when the stimulus presentation time was 750ms or 1000ms, the depression inhibition effect of depression group was significantly different under different emotional stimuli, F (2,66) = 3.22, P =. 046, while there was no difference in the types of emotional stimuli (P> .05) in the elderly normal group, suggesting that the elderly depressed group had different ability to suppress the return of stimuli to different emotional types; (2) In the Stroop experiment, The response time of senile depression group under single neutral, double neutral and single sad face, neutral sad face and double sad face clue type was significant. And when the clue types were single sad face, neutral sad face and double sad face , The response time of the elderly depression group was significantly longer than that of the elderly normal group, F (1,41) = 5.37, P = .026; F (1,41) = 7.08, P = .011; F (1,41) = 7.28 , P = .010; suggesting that depression groups may have attention bias in the automation attention selection distribution period. The study suggests that the attention bias of individuals with depression in the elderly may occur during the period of initial allocation and explanation of attention and be affected by the processing depth.