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一、概述 精神医学领域中的精神发育迟滞是以其基本症状:智力低下与社会适应能力欠缺来诊断,所谓社会适应能力是指对生活,学习与工作的适应能力,主要涉及个人与外界的关系,涉及人与人之间的关系,涉及个人行为的社会意义。所以精神发育迟滞不只限于智力,而是整个心理过程都有障碍,临床上从知觉方面,注意方面,记忆方面,情感方面,思维方面,行为等方面进行检查,判断,诊治。因其病因复杂,表现范围五花八门学者们的见解,报告互不一致,智力,社会感应能力,虽有人设计了一些数量化的评定方法,可靠性,可比性又不一致,一般主要靠
I. Overview Mental retardation in the field of psychiatry is diagnosed on the basis of its basic symptoms of mental retardation and lack of ability to adapt to the society. The so-called ability to adapt to society refers to the ability to adapt to life, study and work, and mainly concerns the relationship between individuals and the outside world , Involving the relationship between people, involving the social significance of individual behavior. Therefore, mental retardation is not limited to intelligence, but the entire mental process has obstacles, clinically from the perception, attention, memory, emotion, thinking, behavior and other aspects of inspection, judgment, diagnosis and treatment. Because of its complex causes, the performance of a wide range of scholars’ opinions, reports inconsistent, intelligence, social induction, although some people designed a number of quantitative assessment methods, reliability, comparability and inconsistency, generally rely mainly on