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目的:探讨子宫平滑肌肿瘤临床病理特征。方法:对246例子宫平滑肌肿瘤的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果:子宫平滑肌肿瘤发病高峰年龄为40～50岁,可伴内膜增生或腺肌病,同时与卵巢、宫颈多种良恶性病变并存。246例子宫平滑肌肿瘤中,91.4%为普通型良性平滑肌瘤;6.9%为平滑肌瘤特殊组织学类型;0.8%为平滑肌肉瘤;0.8%为恶性潜能未定的平滑肌肿瘤。结论:子宫平滑肌肿瘤是妇科常见肿瘤。在子宫平滑肌肿瘤良恶性的鉴别诊断中,凝固性肿瘤细胞坏死、弥漫性中到重度核的非典型性、核分裂象增多(≥10/10HPF)是诊断的重要标准。但预期肿瘤的生物学行为还要综合各种临床病理参数。
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of uterine smooth muscle tumors. Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 246 cases of uterine smooth muscle tumors were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The incidence of uterine smooth muscle tumors peak age of 40 to 50 years old, with endometrial hyperplasia or adenomyosis at the same time, with ovarian and cervical coexistence of a variety of benign and malignant lesions. Of the 246 cases of uterine smooth muscle tumors, 91.4% were ordinary benign leiomyomas, 6.9% were special histological types of leiomyomas, 0.8% were leiomyosarcoma, and 0.8% were malignant potential undetermined smooth muscle tumors. Conclusion: Uterine smooth muscle tumors are common gynecological tumors. In the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant uterine smooth muscle tumors, the coagulation of tumor cells necrosis, diffuse moderate to severe nuclear atypia, increased mitosis (10 / 10HPF) is an important diagnostic criteria. However, the biological behavior of the tumor is expected to be integrated with a variety of clinicopathological parameters.