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一、概述在工业生产中对空心零件(或毛坯,下同)的需求量很大。其中壁厚基本均匀的零件大都可用管材制成,而其分离方法有车、铣、片砂轮切割等。这些方法的材料浪费大,零件相对长度(1/D)较小时更是如此(见图1),而且生产率也很低。另一种方法是用管材剪切,其材料利用率和生产率都很高。但在剪切过程中,由于管材自身刚度较差,容易产生几何畸变;且裂纹的发展难以控制,以致切面粗糙不平,往往不能满足精度要求。
I. Overview In the industrial production of hollow parts (or rough, the same below) in great demand. One of the most uniform wall thickness of the pipe parts can be made, and its separation methods are car, milling, cutting disk and so on. These methods consume a lot of material, especially when the relative part length (1 / D) is small (see Figure 1) and the productivity is low. Another method is to use pipe cutting, the material utilization and productivity are high. However, in the process of shearing, due to the poor rigidity of the pipe itself, geometric distortion easily occurs; and the development of the crack is difficult to control so that the section is rough and rough, which often can not meet the requirement of accuracy.