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环境包括自然环境和人为环境。生物体与环境间最本质的联系是物质和能量的交换,表现为新陈代谢。人类与其他生物一样,通过新陈代谢与周围环境不断进行着物质和能量的交换。生物圈中的各种生物都在相互依存、相互制约中生存,而空气、水、土壤为生命活动提供了必要的物质条件。绿色植物利用日光进行光合作用,从空气、土壤、水中吸取营养物质和贮存能量,动物依靠植物提供营养物质和能量,生物间这种能量传递和物质转换的关
The environment includes the natural environment and man-made environment. The most essential link between organisms and the environment is the exchange of matter and energy, manifested as metabolism. Like other creatures, humans continue to exchange matter and energy through metabolism and the surrounding environment. All living things in the biosphere survive and depend on each other, and air, water, and soil provide the necessary material conditions for life activities. Green plants use sunlight for photosynthesis, and they draw nutrients and store energy from air, soil, and water. Animals rely on plants to provide nutrients and energy, and this kind of energy transfer and conversion of matter between organisms.