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目的:了解重庆市三峡水库消落区居民营养知识、态度、行为的情况及相关影响因素,为今后针对消落区居民进行的营养健康教育提供参考依据。方法:用整群抽样的方法对开县消落区102户的居民(农村50户,城镇52户)进行入户问卷调查。结果:大多数开县消落区居民对铁、疾病(如糖尿病、高血压等)相关营养以及食物营养价值的知识较贫乏;营养知识的掌握程度与居民的文化程度、体质指数有关。而饮食与疾病关系、花钱预防疾病以及食物价格与营养价值关系的认知态度不是很理想;营养知识越多、居民地在城镇、家人有慢性病患者、Engel指数越低则居民营养态度越好。在行为上,消落区居民饮食一般比较咸,经常吃腌腊肉、咸菜,淘米次数比较多,仅有77·5%的居民平时关注营养宣传;营养知识越多、初中以上文化程度的居民对营养行为趋于科学合理。结论:开县消落区居民亟需营养健康教育,并可以通过营养知识—态度—行为模式对居民发挥作用,以增加科学营养知识,增强健康营养意识,优化膳食结构和养成科学合理的饮食行为习惯。
Objective: To understand the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of residents of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in Chongqing and relevant influencing factors, so as to provide reference for future nutrition and health education for the residents of the water-level-elevation area. Methods: A cluster survey was conducted on 102 households (50 households in rural areas and 52 households in urban areas) in the floating area of Kai County. Results: Most of the residents in Kaixian County Waterloo District had poor knowledge of the nutrition related to iron, diseases (such as diabetes, hypertension, etc.), and the nutritional value of food; the degree of knowledge of nutrition knowledge was related to the residents’ education level and body mass index. The relationship between diet and disease, spending money to prevent disease, and the relationship between food price and nutritional value are not ideal; the more nutrition knowledge, the residents in towns and cities, the family members with chronic diseases, the lower the Engel index, the better nutrition attitudes of residents. . In terms of behavior, the residents of the water-level-elevation area are generally more salty and often eat cured bacon and pickles. The frequency of rice washing is relatively high. Only 77.5% of the residents usually pay attention to nutrition promotion; the more nutrition knowledge, the residents of junior high school or higher education level The nutritional behavior tends to be scientific and reasonable. Conclusion: Residents in Kaixian Waterloo District are in urgent need of nutrition and health education, and can play a role through nutrition knowledge-attitude-behavior model for residents to increase scientific nutrition knowledge, enhance healthy nutrition awareness, optimize diet structure and develop scientific and reasonable dietary behaviors. habit.