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人类学家大贯惠美子的学术旨趣表现为以“历史”的方式来理解稻米、猴子和樱花三个“关键象征”与日本民族的自我认同、民族主义及军国主义变迁的象征关联,在她看来,这种关联与外在世界政治、经济力量的影响密不可分。本文以此为出发点,以中国经验为例延展讨论了历史人类学的一些核心问题。尽管文化在历史过程中会发生变迁,但也不能忽视文化的连贯性;来自外部的力量推动了文化的变迁,但更重要的是需要挖掘内部的动力。如此这样,才能真正书写“土著的历史”。
The academic purpose of the anthropologist Daigo Emiko is to understand the symbolic relationship between the three “key symbols” of rice, monkey and cherry and the national identity of Japan, the changes of nationalism and militarism by means of “history.” In her view, this kind of connection is inextricably linked with the political and economic power of the outside world. Taking this as a starting point, this article extends the discussion on some core issues of historical anthropology by taking, as an example, Chinese experience. Although culture may change during the course of history, cultural coherence should not be overlooked; external forces promote changes in culture, but more importantly, internal motivation needs to be tapped. Only in this way can we actually write “indigenous history.”