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湖南素为自然灾害频发区和剧烈区,民国时期灾荒不断,民生窘迫。民众为苟延性命,草根果腹,辗转流徙,借贷典物,甚至卖妻鬻子,其生存状况极为惨烈。在灾荒的重击之下,广大灾民萌生了“祈天祷灵”、悲观绝望及自我弱化社会规范和行为准则的心理,从而导致了灾民在灾害条件下其行为方式的消极与变异。
Hunan is regarded as a frequent area of natural disasters and a violent area. The Republic of China kept its famine and people’s livelihood distress. The living conditions of the public are extremely tragic because of their lingering life, grassroots abuses, migratory movements, loans, and even prostitutions. Under the severe disaster of famine, the majority of victims initiated the prayer of prayers, pessimistic despair and self-weakening of the psychology of social norms and codes of conduct, which led to the negative and variation of the victims’ behavior in disasters.