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注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是儿童最常见的慢性神经精神疾病之一,多起病于7岁前,持续影响患儿的认知、情绪、行为、生活质量及社会功能,约2/3可持续至青春期或成年期,大多共患其他类行为或情绪问题/障碍。ADHD的病因涉及出生缺陷、遗传、神经心理发育异常、家庭与环境等影响因素,是生物-心理-社会诸因素导致的病症。临床通常采用药物治疗,并结合心理指导和行为矫治。现就ADHD的病因及诊疗研究进展做一简略概述。
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common chronic neuropsychiatric disorders in children, and many onset in children before the age of 7, continue to affect children’s cognitive, emotional, behavioral, quality of life and social function, about 2/3 Most likely to suffer from other types of behavioral or emotional problems / disorders during adolescence or adulthood. The etiology of ADHD involves birth defects, heredity, neuropsychological developmental abnormalities, family and environmental factors, and is a condition caused by bio-psycho-social factors. Clinical medication is usually used, combined with psychological guidance and behavior correction. Now on the etiology and diagnosis and treatment of ADHD to make a brief overview of the progress.