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世界贸易组织 (WTO)作为全球性的多边机构 ,其所蕴含的国际规范只有体现了所有国家的意愿和要求后才会得到广泛的承认 ,中国作为一个具有国际影响的发展中国家 ,理应成为该组织的成员。中国“入世”不仅有助于维系世界贸易组织的整体性 ,而且有助于加强其权威性。通过接纳中国 ,WTO将树立一个遵守其经由自由贸易维持全球经济增长和经济秩序基本原则的积极典范。问题在于 ,如何以一种最大限度地维护各方利益同时又减少对中国国内改革尤其是国有企业改革冲击的方式接纳中国加入该机构。本文结合GATT 1 994的有关条款剖析了“入世”对我国国有企业的各种影响及应对之策。
As a global multilateral organization, the World Trade Organization (WTO) will only be widely recognized if it reflects the wishes and requirements of all countries. As a developing country with international influence, China should be the Member of the organization. China’s accession to the WTO not only helps maintain the integrity of the World Trade Organization, but also helps to strengthen its authority. By admitting China, the WTO will establish a positive example of its basic principles of maintaining global economic growth and economic order through free trade. The question is how to accept China’s accession to the organization in a way that maximizes the interests of all parties while reducing the impact of reforms in China, especially state-owned enterprises. Based on the relevant provisions of GATT 1 994, this article analyzes the various impacts of WTO accession on China’s state-owned enterprises and their countermeasures.