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一、军机处照会档的由来 中国第一历史档案馆是专门保存明清两代历史档案的国家级档案馆。在馆藏军机处全宗照会档内,共存有为数达四千余件的外国照会,计有英吉利、美利坚、日本、俄罗斯、德意志、意大利、丹麦、荷兰、比利时、巴西、秘鲁等十余国的。照会原来是清朝武职官员内部使用的一种文书,如“总兵行文非所辖之副官用照会,副将行文非所辖之都司、守备用照会”等。1840年鸦片战争后,照会遂成为清代外交专用文书。1842年中英《江宁条约》规定:“英国驻中国之总管大员与大清大臣无论京内外者,有文书来往,
I. Origin of the Military Aircraft Command Document China’s First Historical Archives is a national archive dedicated to preserving the historical files of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are a total of more than 4,000 foreign documents in the archives of the PLA General Inspectorate, accounting for over 10 countries such as Britain, the United States, Japan, Russia, Germany, Italy, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Brazil and Peru . It turned out to be an instrument used internally by officials in the Qing Dynasty to take office, such as “the general’s office will not be under the jurisdiction of the aide officer’s note, deputy general manager of the non-jurisdiction of the department, guarding the notes.” After the Opium War in 1840, the note became the diplomatic instrument of the Qing Dynasty. The Sino-British Treaty of JiangNan in 1842 stipulated: "The chief administrator of the British Government in China and the Minister of the Qing Dynasty, both in and out of Beijing,