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通过研究热处理工艺对Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Er合金组织与性能的影响,确定了合金板材的峰时效热处理工艺,探讨了合金的析出与强化行为。研究结果表明:540℃固溶1 h后,合金板材的析出相得到充分溶解,再结晶组织也未发生明显粗化;时效时,合金的析出相主要为Mg2Si、Al Cu Mg Si(Q相)和Cu Al2等;Er和Zr元素的加入促进了β″相析出,并使β″相变得更为细小弥散,从而缩短了时效时间,提高时效强化效果;合金的峰时效工艺为540℃固溶1 h,180℃时效5 h;合金的时效强化是位错切过机制和绕过机制的综合作用;合金的较高强度源于合金凝固组织细化、Al3(Er,Zr)粒子的弥散强化以及Er和Zr元素的加入促进β″相析出细化等共同作用的结果。
By studying the effect of heat treatment process on microstructure and properties of Al-Mg-Si-Zr-Er alloy, the peak-age heat treatment process of the alloy sheet was determined and the precipitation and strengthening behavior of the alloy was discussed. The results show that the precipitated phase of alloy sheet is fully dissolved and the recrystallized microstructure is not obviously roughened after solution treatment at 540 ℃ for 1 h. The precipitated phases of the alloy are mainly Mg2Si and Al Cu Mg Si (Q phase) And Cu Al2. The addition of Er and Zr promoted the β “phase precipitation and the β” phase transformation became more fine and dispersed, which shortened the aging time and enhanced the aging strengthening effect. The peak aging process of the alloy was 540 ℃ 1 h at 180 ℃ and 5 h at 180 ℃. The aging strengthening is the combined effect of dislocation-cutting mechanism and by-pass mechanism. The higher strength of the alloy comes from the refinement of solidified alloy and the dispersion of Al 3 (Er, Zr) particles Strengthening and the addition of Er and Zr elements to promote the β "phase precipitation refinement and other common results.