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目的分析2010年湖南省霍乱弧菌分离株的病原学特征,比较霍乱疫情分离株与常规监测分离株之间的克隆相关性,追溯传染源。方法对疫情与监测分离到的42株霍乱弧菌进行常规生物分型和PCR检测毒力基因,对23株代表株进行药敏试验,对18株代表株通过脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)获得电泳图谱,利用BioNumerics软件对图谱进行聚类分析,探讨菌株间的相关性。结果 2010年从湖南省霍乱疫情中分离10株霍乱弧菌均为O139群,ctxA阳性率100%。常规监测分离霍乱弧菌32株,其中O1群15株,全部为ctxA阴性株;O139群17株,ctxA阳性率94.11%。23株霍乱弧菌耐药结果显示强力霉素、复方新诺明的耐药率分别为47.83%、56.52%,发现1株对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星耐药。PFGE方法显示有5种脉冲场凝胶电泳图谱,相似率在82%~100%之间,甲鱼中分离的O139群霍乱弧菌与霍乱疫情分离菌株之间高度同源。结论湖南省霍乱弧菌存在紧密相关的流行克隆群;被O139群霍乱弧菌污染的甲鱼很可能是湖南省霍乱疫情发生的主要传染来源,海、水产品的监测是霍乱防控的重点;要密切关注对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星的耐药变化。
Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae isolates from Hunan in 2010 and to compare the clonal correlation between cholera epidemic isolates and routine surveillance isolates and to trace the origin of infection. Methods 42 strains of Vibrio cholerae isolated from epidemic situation and surveillance were routinely genotyped and PCR detected virulence genes. The susceptibility test was performed on 23 strains of representative strains, and 18 representative strains were obtained by pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) Electrophoresis patterns, using BioNumerics software cluster analysis of the map to explore the correlation between strains. Results In 2010, 10 strains of Vibrio cholera isolated from the cholera epidemic in Hunan Province were O139 group, the positive rate of ctxA was 100%. Routine monitoring of Vibrio cholera isolated 32 strains, of which O1 group of 15 strains, all ctxA negative strains; O139 group of 17 strains, ctxA-positive rate of 94.11%. 23 strains of Vibrio cholerae showed drug resistance rates of doxycycline and cotrimoxazole were 47.83% and 56.52%, respectively. One strain was found to be resistant to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. PFGE showed that there were five kinds of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns with similarity rates between 82% and 100%. Vibrio cholerae O139 isolates from turtle were highly homologous with cholera epidemic isolates. Conclusions Clostridial clonality of V. cholerae exists in Hunan Province. The turtle contaminated by Vibrio cholera O139 is probably the main source of cholera epidemic in Hunan Province. The monitoring of sea and aquatic products is the focus of prevention and control of cholera. Close attention to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin resistance changes.