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阅读作品,必须从整体出发,确立整体意识,做到整体理解,这似乎是尽人皆知的阅读要领。但是,什么是“整体”,怎样把握“整体”,认识上却因人而异。有人认为“整体”是一个极简单的问题。一部作品是由各部分组成的,整体意义无非就是各部分意义之和,只要能概括各部分的大意,整体理解也就迎刃而解了。其实,我们所说的“整体”,是指一部作品的全部,即整部作品
To read the work, we must proceed from the whole, establish the overall consciousness, and realize the overall understanding. This seems to be a well-known reading essential. However, what is the “whole” and how to grasp the “wholeness” differs from one person to another. Some people think that “the whole” is a very simple question. A work is composed of various parts. The overall meaning is nothing more than the sum of the meaning of each part. As long as the general idea of each part can be summarized, the overall understanding will be solved. Actually, what we mean by “integrity” refers to the whole of a work, that is, the whole work.