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[目的]探究水稻垩白性状,为水稻垩白形成分子机制研究和水稻品质育种提供材料。[方法]通过高产品种‘桂朝2号’与低垩白优质品种‘越光’连续回交和分子标记辅助选择方法,构建一套包含71个家系的高世代回交群体,分别在2013年南京和2014年海南对其垩白粒率和垩白度2个性状进行表型调查和QTL检测。[结果]南京和海南两年两地垩白粒率和垩白度2个性状都存在显著相关。两年两地共检测到33个与垩白粒率相关的QTL,其中5个QTL在2个环境中重复检测到,分别位于第4染色体RM1359~RM16939和SSR11~RM17332区间,第5染色体RM13~RM430区间,第7染色体RM5344~RM6872区间,以及第8染色体RM152~RS73区间。两年两地共检测到了17个与垩白度相关的QTL,其中3个QTL能够重复检测到,分别位于第4染色体RM1359~RM16939区间,第8染色体RM152~RS73区间,以及第10染色体RM467~RM271区间,且有2个位点与垩白粒率位点重合。同时发现定位QTL中,有7个QTL属于一因多效,对垩白粒率及垩白度都有一定影响。[结论]本文共检测到50个垩白性状相关的QTL,其中有7个位点能够被重复检测到,其中控制垩白粒率的q PGWC4.1、q PGWC4、qPGWC7.1,控制垩白度的qDPGWC4.1、qDPGWC8.1和qDPGWC10.1,是新的QTL。
[Objective] The research aimed to investigate the chalky traits of rice and provide materials for molecular mechanism of rice chalky rice formation and rice quality breeding. [Method] A high-generation backcross population containing 71 pedigrees was constructed by successive backcrossing and molecular marker-assisted selection of high-yielding cultivar ’Guichao No.2’ and low-chalkiness high-quality cultivar ’Koshihikari’ Nanjing and 2014 Hainan were phenotypic and QTL for chalky grain rate and chalky rice traits. [Result] There was a significant correlation between chalky grain rate and two traits of chalky rice in two years in Nanjing and Hainan. A total of 33 QTLs associated with chalky grain rate were detected in two years. Five QTLs were detected in two environments, ranging from RM1359 to RM16939 on chromosome 4 and SSR11 to RM17332 on chromosome 4, RM430 interval, the seventh chromosome RM5344 ~ RM6872 interval, and the eighth chromosome RM152 ~ RS73 interval. Seventeen QTLs associated with chalkiness were detected in two years. Three QTLs were detected repeatedly, ranging from RM1359 ~ RM16939 on chromosome 4, RM152 ~ RS73 on chromosome 8, and RM467 ~ RM271 interval, and two sites coincided with the chalky grain rate sites. At the same time, seven QTLs for QTL mapping were found to be one-cause and multiple-effect, which had some effects on the percentage of chalky grains and chalkiness. [Conclusion] A total of 50 QTLs associated with chalky traits were detected in this study, of which 7 loci could be detected repeatedly. Among them, q PGWC4.1, q PGWC4 and qPGWC7.1, which control chalky grain rate, Degrees of qDPGWC4.1, qDPGWC8.1 and qDPGWC10.1, are new QTLs.