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目的了解制鞋企业有机溶剂污染现状以及有机溶剂对劳动者健康的影响。方法选择4家制鞋企业,以585名刷胶工人为接触组,选择企业中483名不接触职业性有害因素的管理人员为对照组。观察有机溶剂对作业人员的健康损害。结果工作场所空气中苯、甲苯、环己烷存在超标的情况。混合溶剂对作业人员健康存在损伤,接触组头晕率、手足麻木发生率、四肢乏力发生率、皮肤干燥发生率、手部皮肤红痒发生率高于对照组,接触组白细胞异常率、血小板减少异常率的检出率高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论混合有机溶剂对暴露人员健康存在多器官的健康危害,应减少职业暴露,采取多种措施结合方式促进工人的健康。
Objective To understand the status quo of organic solvent pollution in shoe-making enterprises and the effect of organic solvents on the health of workers. Methods Four shoe-making enterprises were selected, and 585 workers were chosen as the contact group. 483 managers who did not contact occupational harmful factors were selected as the control group. Observe the health effects of organic solvents on workers. Results In the workplace, benzene, toluene and cyclohexane exceeded the standard. Mixed solvent has harm to workers’ health, contact group dizziness, numbness of hands and feet, the incidence of limb weakness, the incidence of dry skin, the incidence of red skin of hand skin is higher than that of the control group, the abnormal rate of leucocyte in the exposure group, abnormal thrombocytopenia The detection rate was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Mixed organic solvents have health effects on the health of exposed workers and should reduce occupational exposure. Various measures should be taken to promote the health of workers.