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目的研究建立我国公共卫生领域信息系统建设中基本数据集内容的设计方法及相关数据元规范。方法通过业务视图分析,确定系统目标和范围;通过业务流程分析,进行功能建模;通过信息视图分析,确定基本数据集内容与数据结构,根据数据结构,提取数据元。结果研究建立了我国公共卫生领域8个主业务领域和1个公共领域的50个基本数据集和1513个数据元规范。8个主业务领域为免疫规划类(含7个基本数据集、326个数据元)、职业卫生与中毒类(含5个基本数据集、158个数据元)、实验室管理类(含9个基本数据集、118数据元)、突发公共卫生事件类(含3个基本数据集、47个数据元)、传染病监测类(含4个基本数据集、177个数据元)、慢性病监测类(含3个基本数据集、64个数据元)、妇幼卫生类(含8个基本数据集、368个数据元)、环境卫生类(含4个基本数据集、72个数据元)。公共领域类(公用类)数据集是从各个领域中提取的公用数据元组成的一类,包含7个基本数据集、183个公共数据元。结论公共卫生信息基本数据集的规范化研究是促进领域信息系统统筹规划和信息资源利用的基础。
Objective To study the design methods and related data element specifications for the establishment of basic data sets in the construction of public health field information systems in China. Methods Through the business view analysis, the system objectives and scope are determined; through functional analysis of the business process, functional modeling is performed; through the information view analysis, the content and data structure of the basic data set are determined, and data elements are extracted according to the data structure. Results The study established 50 basic data sets and 1513 data element specifications in 8 main business areas and 1 public domain in China’s public health field. The 8 main business areas are immunity planning (including 7 basic data sets, 326 data elements), occupational health and poisoning (including 5 basic data sets, 158 data elements), and laboratory management (including 9 Basic data sets, 118 data elements), public health emergencies (including 3 basic data sets, 47 data elements), infectious disease monitoring (including 4 basic data sets, 177 data elements), chronic disease monitoring (including 3 basic data sets, 64 data elements), maternal and child health (including 8 basic data sets, 368 data elements), environmental health (including 4 basic data sets, 72 data elements). The public domain class (public class) data set is a class consisting of common data elements extracted from various fields and contains 7 basic data sets and 183 public data elements. Conclusion The standardization of basic datasets for public health information is the basis for promoting the overall planning of information systems and the use of information resources.