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目的了解黑龙江省哈尔滨市城区7~9岁儿童代谢组分异常情况,为预防和干预此年龄段儿童代谢综合征的发生提供理论依据。方法于2014年4月随机选择哈尔滨市城区1所小学的518名7~9岁儿童作为研究对象,进行体格检查及相关代谢生化指标的检测,根据中华医学会儿科学分会内分泌、心血管及儿童保健学组于2012年达成共识所提出的“中国儿童青少年代谢综合征定义和防治建议”对各代谢组分异常情况作出评价。均值的比较用t检验或方差分析,率的比较用χ2检验。结果男生腰围和空腹血糖水平[分别为(62.38±10.0)cm、(5.03±0.42)mmol/L]均高于女生[分别为(58.10±8.28)cm、(4.82±0.37)mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为5.32、6.10,P<0.01);不同年龄组间,除舒张压(DBP)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)外,其他代谢组分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);不同体质指数(BMI)组间,除总胆固醇(TC)外,其他组分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。男生中心性肥胖和高血糖组分异常率(分别为27.2%、9.0%)高于女生(分别为19.7%、1.7%),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为4.08、12.93,P<0.05),男女生代谢组分异常率最高的均为中心性肥胖;不同年龄组间只有高血糖组分异常率差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.83,P<0.05);不同BMI组间的儿童除高血糖外,其他组分异常率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论哈尔滨市城区7~9岁儿童的性别、年龄和BMI值均影响其代谢水平,其中儿童中心性肥胖问题最为突出,应引起政府、学校和家庭的重视,以预防和减少儿童代谢组分异常情况。
Objective To understand the abnormalities of metabolic components in children aged 7-9 years in Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and intervention of metabolic syndrome in children of this age. Methods A total of 518 children aged 7-9 years from a primary school in Harbin City were selected as subjects in April 2014 to conduct physical examination and related metabolic biochemical tests. According to the endocrine, cardiovascular and children of Pediatrics Branch of Chinese Medical Association The consensus reached by the Health Education Section in 2012 reached a consensus on the definition of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents in China and recommendations on prevention and treatment of abnormalities in each metabolic component. Comparison of means using t test or analysis of variance, the rate of comparison with χ2 test. Results The waist circumference and fasting blood glucose level of boys were significantly higher than those of girls [(62.38 ± 10.0) cm and (5.03 ± 0.42) mmol / L, respectively] (58.10 ± 8.28 cm and 4.82 ± 0.37 mmol / L, (T = 5.32, 6.10, P <0.01). The differences of other metabolic components except DBP and HDL-C in different age groups (P <0.05, P <0.01). The differences of other components except the total cholesterol (TC) between different body mass index (BMI) groups were statistically significant (P <0.01). The abnormal rates of central obesity and hyperglycemia in boys were higher than those in girls (27.2% and 9.0% respectively) (19.7% and 1.7% respectively) (χ2 = 4.08,12.93, P < 0.05). The abnormal rates of metabolites in both boys and girls were highest in central obesity. Only the abnormal rates of hyperglycemia in different age groups were significantly different (χ2 = 6.83, P <0.05). Children in different BMI groups Except for hyperglycemia, the differences of other components were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The sex, age and BMI of children aged 7 ~ 9 years old in urban area of Harbin affected their metabolism. Among them, the central obesity problem of children was the most prominent, which should be taken seriously by the government, schools and families to prevent and reduce abnormalities of children’s metabolic components Happening.