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根据2008—2011年镜泊湖和五大连池鱼类学调查结果和历史资料,分析了东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系特征和群落物种多样性状况.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系由9目16科47属64种土著种构成,其中国家Ⅱ级野生保护物种1种,中国特有种4种,中国易危种5种;64种鱼类中,鲤形目44种,鲤科37种,分别占优势.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系由7个区系复合体构成,以东部平原区系复合体为主体;南北方重叠种、北方特有种分别占53.1%和46.9%.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类群落Shannon、Fisher-α、Pielou、Margalef和Simpson指数值分别为2.078、4.536、0.575、3.723和0.269,土著种多度分布格局可以用对数正态分布描述;与镜泊湖亚群落间Bray-Curtis、Morisita-Horn、Ochiai、Srensen和Whittaker指数值分别为0.820、0.992、0.870、0.862和0.138,与五大连池亚群落间各指数值分别为0.210、0.516、0.838、0.825和0.175.东北地区火山堰塞湖鱼类区系具有南北方物种相互渗透、古北界与东洋界交汇过渡的特点;群落物种多样性程度较高,物种结构较稳定,但物种丰富度呈下降趋势.
Based on the survey results and historical data of Jingpo Lake and Wudalianchi from the year of 2008 to 2011 and the analysis of the fish fauna and community species diversity in volcanic dammed lake in northeastern China, 9 orders, 16 families, 47 genera and 64 indigenous species, including 1 species of national grade Ⅱ wild protected species, 4 endemic species in China and 5 species of susceptible species in China. Among 64 species of fish, 44 species of Cyprinidae, Cyprinidae 37 Species and dominant respectively.The fish fauna in the volcanic dammed lake in Northeast China consisted of seven floristic complexes, with the eastern plains fauna as the main body; the north-south overlapping species and the northern endemic species accounted for 53.1% and 46.9% The Shannon, Fisher-α, Pielou, Margalef and Simpson index values of the volcanic dammed lake in Northeast China were 2.078, 4.536, 0.575, 3.723 and 0.269, respectively, and the distribution patterns of indigenous species abundance can be described by logarithmic normal distribution. The values of Bray-Curtis, Morisita-Horn, Ochiai, Srensen and Whittaker were 0.820, 0.992, 0.870, 0.862 and 0.138, respectively. The index values of Bray-Curtis, 0.838, 0.825 and 0.175 volcanoes in Northeast China Cypriot lake fish fauna species have mutual penetration north and south, and the northern boundary of the characteristics of ancient Oriental intersection of the transition; a high degree of species diversity, species structure is more stable, but species richness declined.