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地形是景观空间分布格局的重要影响因子,特别是在人为活动占优势的景观中地形条件成为大尺度景观空间分布格局的决定因素。以地处黄土高原、水土流失较为严重的山西省永和县岔口小流域为研究对象,利用SPOT遥感影像、1:1万地形图和土地利用现状等数据,通过对小流域的土地利用现状和DEM分析,得到各地形分级单元的土地利用景观指数,并对流域土壤侵蚀风险进行了评价研究。结果表明:研究区土地利用景观格局分布与高程、坡度和坡向有一定的相关性,岔口小流域整体土壤侵蚀风险处于中等较低的水平。
Topography is an important influence factor of landscape spatial distribution pattern, especially in landscapes where human activities predominate, topographic conditions become the decisive factor in the distribution pattern of large-scale landscape space. Based on the data of SPOT remote sensing images, 1: 10000 topographic maps and current land use status, the current situation of land use and DEM in small watershed were studied using the small catchment located in the fork of Yonghe County, Shanxi Province, which is located in the Loess Plateau. Analyzed and obtained the land use landscape index of each terrain grading unit, and evaluated the risk of soil erosion in the basin. The results showed that the distribution of landscape pattern of land use in the study area had some correlations with elevation, slope and aspect, and the overall soil erosion risk in the small catchment was at a moderately low level.